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2020
05-08

php实现redis分布式锁

前言

分布式锁一般有三种实现方式:

1. 数据库乐观锁;2. 基于Redis的分布式锁;3. 基于ZooKeeper的分布式锁。

以下将介绍第二种方式,基于Redis实现分布式锁。

 

可靠性

首先,为了确保分布式锁可用,我们至少要确保锁的实现同时满足以下四个条件:

  1. 互斥性。在任意时刻,只有一个客户端能持有锁。
  2. 不会发生死锁。即使有一个客户端在持有锁的期间崩溃而没有主动解锁,也能保证后续其他客户端能加锁。
  3. 具有容错性。只要大部分的Redis节点正常运行,客户端就可以加锁和解锁。
  4. 解铃还须系铃人。加锁和解锁必须是同一个客户端,客户端自己不能把别人加的锁给解了

代码实现

<?php class RedLock { private $retryDelay; private $retryCount; private $clockDriftFactor = 0.01; private $quorum; private $servers = array(); private $instances = array(); function __construct(array $servers, $retryDelay = 200, $retryCount = 3) { $this->servers = $servers; $this->retryDelay = $retryDelay; $this->retryCount = $retryCount; $this->quorum = min(count($servers), (count($servers) / 2 + 1)); } public function lock($resource, $ttl) { $this->initInstances(); $token = uniqid(); $retry = $this->retryCount; do { $n = 0; $startTime = microtime(true) * 1000; foreach ($this->instances as $instance) { if ($this->lockInstance($instance, $resource, $token, $ttl)) { $n++; } } # Add 2 milliseconds to the drift to account for Redis expires  # precision, which is 1 millisecond, plus 1 millisecond min drift  # for small TTLs.  $drift = ($ttl * $this->clockDriftFactor) + 2; $validityTime = $ttl - (microtime(true) * 1000 - $startTime) - $drift; if ($n >= $this->quorum && $validityTime > 0) { return [ 'validity' => $validityTime, 'resource' => $resource, 'token' => $token, ]; } else { foreach ($this->instances as $instance) { $this->unlockInstance($instance, $resource, $token); } } // Wait a random delay before to retry  $delay = mt_rand(floor($this->retryDelay / 2), $this->retryDelay); usleep($delay * 1000); $retry--; } while ($retry > 0); return false; } public function unlock(array $lock) { $this->initInstances(); $resource = $lock['resource']; $token = $lock['token']; foreach ($this->instances as $instance) { $this->unlockInstance($instance, $resource, $token); } } private function initInstances() { if (empty($this->instances)) { foreach ($this->servers as $server) { list($host, $port, $timeout) = $server; $redis = new \Redis(); $redis->connect($host, $port, $timeout); $this->instances[] = $redis; } } } private function lockInstance($instance, $resource, $token, $ttl) { return $instance->set($resource, $token, ['NX', 'PX' => $ttl]); } private function unlockInstance($instance, $resource, $token) { $script = '  if redis.call("GET", KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1] then  return redis.call("DEL", KEYS[1])  else  return 0  end  '; return $instance->eval($script, [$resource, $token], 1); } }

使用示例

<?php require_once __DIR__ . '/../src/RedLock.php'; $servers = [ ['127.0.0.1', 6379, 0.01], ['127.0.0.1', 6389, 0.01], ['127.0.0.1', 6399, 0.01], ]; $redLock = new RedLock($servers); while (true) { $lock = $redLock->lock('test', 10000); if ($lock) { print_r($lock); } else { print "Lock not acquired\n"; } }

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