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my $path = `pwd`;
chomp $path;     # `pwd`命令结尾有个回车符，需要chomp去掉
print "$path\n ";
opendir DIR ,$path || die "cant open $!";
foreach my $file (readdir DIR) {    # readdir 将读出所有的文件和目录，包括.和..
    print "$file\n ";
    }