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IOS获取系统通讯录联系人信息
一、权限注册
随着apple对用户隐私的越来越重视,IOS系统的权限设置也更加严格,在获取系统通讯录之前,我们必须获得用户的授权。权限申请代码示例如下:
//这个变量用于记录授权是否成功,即用户是否允许我们访问通讯录 int __block tip=0; //声明一个通讯簿的引用 ABAddressBookRef addBook =nil; //因为在IOS6.0之后和之前的权限申请方式有所差别,这里做个判断 if ([[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion floatValue]>=6.0) { //创建通讯簿的引用 addBook=ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL); //创建一个出事信号量为0的信号 dispatch_semaphore_t sema=dispatch_semaphore_create(0); //申请访问权限 ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addBook, ^(bool greanted, CFErrorRef error) { //greanted为YES是表示用户允许,否则为不允许 if (!greanted) { tip=1; } //发送一次信号 dispatch_semaphore_signal(sema); }); //等待信号触发 dispatch_semaphore_wait(sema, DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER); }else{ //IOS6之前 addBook =ABAddressBookCreate(); } if (tip) { //做一个友好的提示 UIAlertView * alart = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"温馨提示" message:@"请您设置允许APP访问您的通讯录\nSettings>General>Privacy" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"确定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil]; [alart show]; return; }
几点注意:1、dispatch_semaphore_t三个相关的操作为
dispatch_semaphore_create 创建一个信号
dispatch_semaphore_signal 发送一个信号
dispatch_semaphore_wait 等待信号触发
dispatch_semaphore_create()创建一个信号,后面可以跟一个参数,表示信号量,当信号量正值时,dispatch_semaphore_wait后面的代码会被执行,否则程序将会一直等待在dispatch_semaphore_wait。 dispatch_semaphore_signal的作用是发送一个信号,会使信号量加1,相对的,dispatch_semaphore_wait执行后会使信号量减1.
2、因为是否被授权是在ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion的block回调中获取的,所以我们需要在外面做一个线程等待。
二、获取通讯录联系人详细信息
//获取所有联系人的数组 CFArrayRef allLinkPeople = ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addBook); //获取联系人总数 CFIndex number = ABAddressBookGetPersonCount(addBook); //进行遍历 for (NSInteger i=0; i<number; i++) { //获取联系人对象的引用 ABRecordRef people = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(allLinkPeople, i); //获取当前联系人名字 NSString*firstName=(__bridge NSString *)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonFirstNameProperty)); //获取当前联系人姓氏 NSString*lastName=(__bridge NSString *)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonLastNameProperty)); //获取当前联系人中间名 NSString*middleName=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonMiddleNameProperty)); //获取当前联系人的名字前缀 NSString*prefix=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonPrefixProperty)); //获取当前联系人的名字后缀 NSString*suffix=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonSuffixProperty)); //获取当前联系人的昵称 NSString*nickName=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonNicknameProperty)); //获取当前联系人的名字拼音 NSString*firstNamePhoneic=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonFirstNamePhoneticProperty)); //获取当前联系人的姓氏拼音 NSString*lastNamePhoneic=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonLastNamePhoneticProperty)); //获取当前联系人的中间名拼音 NSString*middleNamePhoneic=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonMiddleNamePhoneticProperty)); //获取当前联系人的公司 NSString*organization=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonOrganizationProperty)); //获取当前联系人的职位 NSString*job=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonJobTitleProperty)); //获取当前联系人的部门 NSString*department=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonDepartmentProperty)); //获取当前联系人的生日 NSString*birthday=(__bridge NSDate*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonBirthdayProperty)); NSMutableArray * emailArr = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init]; //获取当前联系人的邮箱 注意是数组 ABMultiValueRef emails= ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonEmailProperty); for (NSInteger j=0; j<ABMultiValueGetCount(emails); j++) { [emailArr addObject:(__bridge NSString *)(ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(emails, j))]; } //获取当前联系人的备注 NSString*notes=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonNoteProperty)); //获取当前联系人的电话 数组 NSMutableArray * phoneArr = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init]; ABMultiValueRef phones= ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonPhoneProperty); for (NSInteger j=0; j<ABMultiValueGetCount(phones); j++) { [phonerr addObject:(__bridge NSString *)(ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(phones, j))]; } //获取创建当前联系人的时间 注意是NSDate NSDate*creatTime=(__bridge NSDate*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonCreationDateProperty)); //获取最近修改当前联系人的时间 NSDate*alterTime=(__bridge NSDate*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonModificationDateProperty)); //获取地址 ABMultiValueRef address = ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonAddressProperty); for (int j=0; j<ABMultiValueGetCount(address); j++) { //地址类型 NSString * type = (__bridge NSString *)(ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(address, j)); NSDictionary * temDic = (__bridge NSDictionary *)(ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(address, j)); //地址字符串,可以按需求格式化 NSString * adress = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"国家:%@\n省:%@\n市:%@\n街道:%@\n邮编:%@",[temDic valueForKey:(NSString*)kABPersonAddressCountryKey],[temDic valueForKey:(NSString*)kABPersonAddressStateKey],[temDic valueForKey:(NSString*)kABPersonAddressCityKey],[temDic valueForKey:(NSString*)kABPersonAddressStreetKey],[temDic valueForKey:(NSString*)kABPersonAddressZIPKey]]; } //获取当前联系人头像图片 NSData*userImage=(__bridge NSData*)(ABPersonCopyImageData(people)); //获取当前联系人纪念日 NSMutableArray * dateArr = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init]; ABMultiValueRef dates= ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonDateProperty); for (NSInteger j=0; j<ABMultiValueGetCount(dates); j++) { //获取纪念日日期 NSDate * data =(__bridge NSDate*)(ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(dates, j)); //获取纪念日名称 NSString * str =(__bridge NSString*)(ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(dates, j)); NSDictionary * temDic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:data forKey:str]; [dateArr addObject:temDic]; }
一点扩展:相同的方法,可以获取关联人信息,社交信息,邮箱信息,各种类型的电话信息,字段如下:
//相关人,组织字段 const ABPropertyID kABPersonKindProperty; const CFNumberRef kABPersonKindPerson; const CFNumberRef kABPersonKindOrganization; // 电话相关字段 AB_EXTERN const ABPropertyID kABPersonPhoneProperty; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneMobileLabel; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneIPhoneLabel AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneMainLabel; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneHomeFAXLabel; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneWorkFAXLabel; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneOtherFAXLabel AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhonePagerLabel; // 即时聊天信息相关字段 AB_EXTERN const ABPropertyID kABPersonInstantMessageProperty; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceKey; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceYahoo; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceJabber; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceMSN; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceICQ; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceAIM; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceQQ AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceGoogleTalk; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceSkype; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceFacebook; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceGaduGadu; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageUsernameKey; // 个人网页相关字段 AB_EXTERN const ABPropertyID kABPersonURLProperty; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonHomePageLabel; //相关人姓名字段 AB_EXTERN const ABPropertyID kABPersonRelatedNamesProperty; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonFatherLabel; // Father AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonMotherLabel; // Mother AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonParentLabel; // Parent AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonBrotherLabel; // Brother AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonSisterLabel; // Sister AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonChildLabel; // Child AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonFriendLabel; // Friend AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonSpouseLabel; // Spouse AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPartnerLabel; // Partner AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonAssistantLabel; // Assistant AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonManagerLabel; // Manager
三、通讯录“写”的相关操作
看到上面读取信息的代码,你可能觉得一阵目炫,其实只是字段比较长,逻辑还是很简单的,同样,写的操作与之类似,创建,修改,删除,是我们对通讯录“写”的常用操作。
1、创建一个联系人
//创建一个联系人引用 ABRecordRef person = ABPersonCreate(); NSString *firstName = @"哈"; NSString *lastName = @"哈"; // 电话号码数组 NSArray *phones = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"123",@"456",nil]; // 电话号码对应的名称 NSArray *labels = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"iphone",@"home",nil]; //这里的字段和上面的字段完全相同 // 设置名字属性 ABRecordSetValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty,(__bridge CFStringRef)firstName, NULL); // 设置姓氏属性 ABRecordSetValue(person, kABPersonLastNameProperty, (__bridge CFStringRef)lastName, NULL); // 设置生日属性 ABRecordSetValue(person, kABPersonBirthdayProperty,(__bridge CFDateRef)birthday, NULL); // 字典引用 ABMultiValueRef dic =ABMultiValueCreateMutable(kABMultiStringPropertyType); // 添加电话号码与其对应的名称内容 for (int i = 0; i < [phones count]; i ++) { ABMultiValueIdentifier obj = ABMultiValueAddValueAndLabel(dic,(__bridge CFStringRef)[phones objectAtIndex:i], (__bridge CFStringRef)[labels objectAtIndex:i], &obj); } // 设置phone属性 ABRecordSetValue(person, kABPersonPhoneProperty, dic, NULL); // 将新建的联系人添加到通讯录中 ABAddressBookAddRecord(addBook, person, NULL); // 保存通讯录数据 ABAddressBookSave(addBook, NULL);
2、修改联系人
修改联系人的操作就是将获取和添加和在一起,先获取到相应的联系人引用,重设其属性字段即可。
3.删除联系人
//获取所有联系人 NSArray *array = (__bridge NSArray*)ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addBook); // 遍历所有的联系人 for (id obj in array) { ABRecordRef people = (__bridge ABRecordRef)obj; NSString *firstName = (__bridge NSString*)ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonFirstNameProperty); NSString *lastName = (__bridge NSString*)ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonLastNameProperty); if ([firstName isEqualToString:@"哈"] &&[lastName isEqualToString:@"哈"]) { ABAddressBookRemoveRecord(addBook, people,NULL); } } // 保存修改的通讯录对象 ABAddressBookSave(addBook, NULL);
四、重中之重-关于内存管理
上面的代码为了演示方便,创建的全部引用都没有释放,势必是造成内存泄露,在我们用ABAddressBookCreate()创建一个引用对象时,切记无论ARC还MRC,要用CFRelease()进行释放引用,例如上面的例子,我们需要加上这句代码
CFRelease(addBook);
如果你耐心的看到了这里,我想你一定明白了我为什么不在前边的代码里说明这个问题,因为在ARC项目普及的现在,这的确是重中之重。