public class DemoActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
    }
    public void click(View view){
//     Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT");
//     Intent dailIntent = new Intent();
//     dailIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
//     dailIntent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:110"));
//     intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_INTENT, dailIntent);
//     intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_NAME, "呼叫110");
//     intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_ICON_RESOURCE, R.drawable.ic_launcher);
//     sendBroadcast(intent);
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT");
Intent shortCutIntent = new Intent();
shortCutIntent.setAction("cn.itheima.xxx");
shortCutIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_DEFAULT);

intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_INTENT, shortCutIntent);
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_NAME, "测试快捷");
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_ICON,BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.ic_launcher));
    sendBroadcast(intent);
    }

}

需要权限：

 <uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT"/>