因为external storage可能是不可用的，比如遇到SD卡被拔出等情况时。因此在访问之前应对其可用性进行检查。我们可以通过执 行 getExternalStorageState()来查询external storage的状态。若返回状态为MEDIA_MOUNTED, 则 可以读写。

/* Checks if external storage is available for read and write */
public boolean isExternalStorageWritable() {
    String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
    if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}
 
/* Checks if external storage is available to at least read */
public boolean isExternalStorageReadable() {
    String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
    if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state) ||
        Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED_READ_ONLY.equals(state)) {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}